This list of papers is way out of date. I hope to update it in the future. In the meantime, many of my more recent papers can be found on the Globus Project publications page and the DSL-UC page.
Some are available in PostScript or PDF format; a few are in HTML as well. A list of my papers in BibTeX format is available (or will be) soon.
 | The Grid: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure, I. Foster and C. Kesselman (Eds.), Morgan-Kaufmann, 1998. |
| Designing and Building Parallel Programs, I. Foster, Addison-Wesley, 1995. Also published on the Web as Designing and Building Parallel Programs (Online). |
| Strand: New Concepts in Parallel Programming, I. Foster and S. Taylor, Prentice Hall, 1989. |
| Unexpected Consequences of Connections: Review of Albert-László Barabási's Linked and Mark Buchanan's Nexus. Science, 297(5584):1124-1125, 16 Aug 2002. |
| What is the Grid? A Three Point Checklist, GridToday, July 2002. |
| Managing Multiple Communication Methods in High-Performance Networked Computing Systems. I. Foster, J. Geisler, C. Kesselman, S. Tuecke. J. Parallel and Distributed Computing, 40:35-48, 1997 (PS, PDF). |
| Wide-Area Implementation of the Message Passing Interface. I. Foster, J. Geisler, W. Gropp, N. Karonis, E. Lusk, G. Thiruvathukal, S. Tuecke, Parallel Computing, 24(12):1735-1749, 1998 (PS, PDF). |
| Managing Security in High-Performance Distributed Computing. I. Foster, N. T. Karonis, C. Kesselman, S. Tuecke, Cluster Computing 1(1):95-107, 1998 (PS, PDF). |
| End-to-End Quality of Service for High-End Applications. I. Foster, A. Roy, V. Sander, L. Winkler. (IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications Special Issue on QoS in the Internet, 1999). (PS, PDF) |
| Globus: A Metacomputing Infrastructure Toolkit. I. Foster, C. Kesselman, Intl J. Supercomputer Applications, 11(2):115-128, 1997 (PS ,PDF). |
| The Data Grid: Towards an Architecture for the Distributed Management and Analysis of Large Scientific Datasets. A. Chervenak, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, C. Salisbury, S. Tuecke, (to be published in the Journal of Network and Computer Applications). (PS, PDF). |
| The Parallel Scalability of the Spectral Transform Method, I. Foster, W. Gropp, R. Stevens, Monthly Weather Review, 120(5):835-850, 1992. |
| Performance of parallel computers for spectral atmospheric models, I. Foster, B. Toonen, and P. Worley, J. Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, (to appear). |
| Parallel Algorithms for the Spectral Transform Method, I. Foster and P. Worley, SIAM J. Scientific Computing 18, no. 3 (May 1997), pp. 806-837. |
| Design and performance of a scalable parallel Community Climate Model, J. Drake, I. Foster, J. Michalakes, B. Toonen, and P. Worley, Parallel Computing, 21(10):1571-1591, 1995. |
| Towards high performance computational chemistry: (I) Scalable Fock matrix construction algorithms, I. Foster, J. Tilson, A. Wagner, R. Shepard, R. Harrison, R. Kendall, R. Littlefield, J. Comp. Chem., 17(1):109-123, 1996. |
| Towards high performance computational chemistry: (II) A scalable SCF program, R. Harrison, I. Foster, et al., J. Comp. Chem., 17(1):124-132, 1996. |
| Technologies for Ubiquitous Supercomputing: A Java Interface to the Nexus Communication System, I. Foster, G. K. Thiruvathukal, and S. Tuecke, Concurrency: Practice and Experience, special issue edited by G. C. Fox, June 1997. |
| The Nexus Approach to Integrating Multithreading and Communication, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, S. Tuecke, J. Parallel and Distributed Computing, 37:70-82, 1996. |
| Overview of the I-WAY: Wide Area Visual Supercomputing, T. DeFanti, I. Foster, M. Papka, R. Stevens, and T. Kuhfuss, Intl J. Supercomputer Applications, 10:2-3, pp. 123-131, 1996. |
| Exploring Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean Models Using Vis5D and VisAD, W. Hibbard, J. Anderson, I. Foster, R. Jacob, C. Schafer, M. Tyree, Intl J. Supercomputer Applications, in press. |
| Point-to-point communications using migrating ports, I. Foster, D. Kohr, R. Olson, S. Tuecke, and M. Xu, Languages, Compilers, and Run-time Systems for Scalable Computers, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 199-212, 1995. |
| A Deterministic Notation for Cooperating Processes, K. M. Chandy and I. Foster, IEEE Trans. Parallel and Distributed Systems, 6(8):863-871, 1995. |
| A Compiler Approach to Scalable Concurrent Program Design, I. Foster and S. Taylor, ACM Trans. Prog. Lang. Syst., 16(3):577-604, 1994. |
| Task Parallelism and High Performance Languages, IEEE Parallel and Distributed Technology, 1994. |
| Fortran M: A Language for Modular Parallel Programming, I. Foster and K. M. Chandy, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing 25:1 (February 1995). |
| Integrated Support for Task and Data Parallelism, K. M. Chandy, I. Foster, K. Kennedy, C. Koelbel, C.-W. Tseng, International Journal of Supercomputer Applications 8(2):80-98, 1994. |
| Productive Parallel Programming: The PCN Approach, I. Foster, R. Olson, S. Tuecke, Scientific Programming, 1(1):51-66, 1992. Reprinted in Programming Languages for Parallel Processing, D. Skillicorn and D. Talia (Eds.), IEEE Computer Society Press, 358-373, 1995. |
| Compositional Parallel Programming Languages, I. Foster, ACM Trans. Prog. Lang. Syst., 18(4):454-476, 1996. |
| Efficient computation control in concurrent logic languages, I. Foster, New Generation Computing, 10(1):1-22, 1991. |
| Automatic generation of self-scheduling programs, I. Foster, IEEE Trans. on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 2(1):68-78, 1991. |
| Aligning multiple RNA sequences, R. Overbeek and I. Foster, Festschrift for W.W. Bledsoe, R.S. Boyer (Ed.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991. |
| Concurrency: Simple concepts and powerful tools, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, and S. Taylor, Computer J., 33(6):501-507, 1990. |
| A declarative state transition system, J. Logic Programming, I. Foster, 1990. |
| A multicomputer garbage collector for a single-assignment language, I. Foster, Intl J. of Parallel Programming, 18(3):181-203, 1989. |
| Aligning genetic sequences, R. Butler, T. Butler, I. Foster, N. Karonis, R. Olson, R. Overbeek, N. Pfluger, M. Price, and S. Tuecke, in Strand: New Concepts in Parallel Programming, 253-271, 1989. |
| Implementation of a declarative state transition system, I. Foster, Software - Practice and Experience, 19(4):351-370, 1989. |
| An abstract machine for the implementation of Parlog on uniprocessors, S. Gregory, I. Foster, A. Burt and G. Ringwood, New Generation Computing, 6, 389-420, 1989. |
| Flat Parlog: a basis for comparison, I. Foster and S. Taylor, Intl J.
Parallel Programming, 16(2):87-125, 1988.
|
| Scheduling with Advanced Reservations. W. Smith, I. Foster, V. Taylor. Proceedings of the IPDPS Conference, May 2000 (PS, PDF). |
| Predicting Application Run Times Using Historical Information. W. Smith, I. Foster, V. Taylor. Proc. IPPS/SPDP '98 Workshop on Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing, 1998 (PS, PDF). |
| Using Run-Time Predictions to Estimate Queue Wait Times and Improve Scheduler Performance. W. Smith, V. Taylor, I Foster, Proceedings of the IPPS/SPDP '99 Workshop on Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing (PS, PDF). |
| Application Experiences with the Globus Toolkit. S. Brunett, K. Czajkowski, S. Fitzgerald, I. Foster, A. Johnson, C. Kesselman, J. Leigh, S. Tuecke, 7th IEEE Symp. on High Performance Distributed Computing (to appear). July 1998 (PS, PDF). |
| Numerical Relativity in a Distributed Environment. W. Benger, I. Foster, J. Novotny, E. Seidel, J. Shalf, W. Smith, P. Walker, Ninth SIAM Conference on Parallel Processing for Scientific Computing, Apr. 1999. (PS, PDF). |
| Large-Scale Distributed Computational Fluid Dynamics on the Information Power Grid using Globus. S. Barnard, R. Biswas, S. Saini, R. Van der Wijngaart, M. Yarrow, L. Zechter, I. Foster, O. Larsson, (PS, PDF). |
| The International Grid (iGrid): Empowering Global Research Community Networking Using High Performance International Internet Services, Maxine D. Brown, Thomas DeFanti, Michael A. McRobbie, Alan Verlo, Dana Plepys, Donald F. McMullen, Karen Adams, Jason Leigh, Andrew E. Johnson, Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman, Andrew Schmidt, Steven N. Goldstein, Apr. 1999. (PS, PDF) |
| Real-Time Analysis, Visualization, and Steering of Microtomography Experiments at Photon Sources, Gregor von Laszewski, Mei-Hui Su, Joseph A. Insley, Ian Foster, John Bresnahan, Carl Kesselman, Marcus Thiebaux, Mark L. Rivers, Steve Wang, Brian Tieman, Ian McNulty, Ninth SIAM Conference on Parallel Processing for Scientific Computing, Apr. 1999. (PS, PDF) |
| Using CORBA and Globus to Coordinate Multidisciplinary Aeroscience Applications. I. Lopez, G.J. Follen, R. Gutierrez, I. Foster, B. Ginsburg, O. Larsson, and S. Tuecke, Proceedings of the NASA HPCC/CAS Workshop, Feb. 15-17, 2000. (HTML) |
| A Review of Tele-Immersive Applications in the CAVE Research Network. J. Leigh, A. Johnson, T. DeFanti, M. Brown, M. Ali, S. Bailey, A. Banerjee, P. Benerjee, J. Chen, K. Curry, J. Curtis, F. Dech, B. Dodds, I. Foster, S. Graser, K. Ganeshan, D. Glen, R. Grossman, R. Heiland, J. Hicks, A. Hudson, T. Imai, M. Khan, A. Kapoor, R. Kenyon, J. Kelso, R. Kriz, C. Lascara, X. Liu, Y. Lin, T. Mason, A. Millman, K. Nobuyuki, K. Park, B. Parod, P. Rajlich, M. Rasmussen, M. Rawlings, D. Robertson, S. Thongrong, R. Stein, K. Swartz, S. Tuecke, H. Wallach, H. Wong, G. Wheless, Proceedsings of the IEEE Virtuality Reality 2000 International Conference (VR 2000), 1999 (PS, PDF). |
| Communication Services for Advanced Network Applications. J. Bresnahan, I. Foster, J. Insley, S. Tuecke, B. Toonen, Proceedings of the International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Techniques and Applications 1999, Volume IV, pp1861-1867 (PS, PDF). |
| A Grid-Enabled MPI: Message Passing in Heterogeneous Distributed Computing Systems. I. Foster, N. Karonis, Proc. 1998 SC Conference (PS, PDF). |
| Enabling Technologies for Web-Based Ubiquitous Supercomputing. I. Foster, S. Tuecke, Proc. 5th IEEE Symp. on High Performance Distributed Computing, 112-119, 1996 (PS, PDF). |
| Remote I/O: Fast Access to Distant Storage. I. Foster, D. Kohr, R. Krishnaiyer, J. Mogill. Proc. Workshop on I/O in Parallel and Distributed Systems (IOPADS), pg. 14-25, 1997 (PS, PDF). |
| A Secure Communications Infrastructure for High-Performance Distributed Computing. I. Foster, N. Karonis, C. Kesselman, G. Koenig, S. Tuecke. 6th IEEE Symp. on High-Performance Distributed Computing, pg. 125-136, 1997 (PS, PDF). |
| A Directory Service for Configuring High-Performance Distributed Computations. S. Fitzgerald, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, G. von Laszewski, W. Smith, S. Tuecke. Proc. 6th IEEE Symp. on High-Performance Distributed Computing, pg. 365-375, 1997 (PS, PDF) |
| The Quality of Service Component for the Globus Metacomputing System. C. Lee, C. Kesselman, J. Stepanek, R. Lindell, S. Hwang, B. Scott Michel, J. Bannister, I. Foster, A. Roy. Proc. IWQoS '98, 140-142, 1998 (PS, PDF) |
| A Fault Detection Service for Wide Area Distributed Computations. P. Stelling, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, C.Lee, G. von Laszewski, Proc. 7th IEEE Symp. on High Performance Distributed Computing, 268-278, 1998 (PS, PDF). |
| A Resource Management Architecture for Metacomputing Systems. K. Czajkowski, I. Foster, N. Karonis, C. Kesselman, S. Martin, W. Smith, S. Tuecke. Proc. IPPS/SPDP '98 Workshop on Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing,1998 (PS, PDF). |
| A Network Performance Tool for Grid Computations. C. Lee, R. Wolski, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, J. Stepanek. (Submitted to Supercomputing '99). (PS, PDF). |
| Design and Deployment of a National-Scale Authentication Infrastructure. R. Butler, D. Engert, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, S. Tuecke, J. Volmer, V. Welch. (Submitting) (PDF). |
| A Distributed Resource Management Architecture that Supports Advance Reservations and Co-Allocation. I. Foster, C. Kesselman, C. Lee, R. Lindell, K. Nahrstedt, A. Roy. (Intl Workshop on Quality of Service, 1999) (PS, PDF). |
| Grid Infrastructure to Support Science Portals for Large Scale Instruments. G. von Laszewski, I. Foster, (Proc. of the Workshop Distributed Computing on the Web (DCW), 1999) (PS). |
| GASS: A Data Movement and Access Service for Wide Area Computing Systems. J. Bester, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, J. Tedesco, S. Tuecke. (Sixth Workshop on I/O in Parallel and Distributed Systems, May 5, 1999) (PS, PDF). |
| A Security Architecture for Computational Grids. I. Foster, C. Kesselman, G. Tsudik, S. Tuecke, Proc. 5th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security Conference, pg. 83-92, 1998 (PS, PDF). |
| QoS as Middleware: Bandwidth Reservation System Design. G. Hoo, W. Johnston, I. Foster, A. Roy. Proc.of the 8th IEEE Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing. pg. 345-346, 1999. (PS, PDF). |
| A Differentiated Services Implementation for High-Performance TCP Flows. V. Sander, I. Foster, A. Roy, L. Winkler (Accepted to the TERENA Networking Conference, 2000). (PS, PDF) |
| CoG Kits: A Bridge between Commodity Distributed Computing and High-Performance Grids. G. von Laszewski, I. Foster, J. Gawor, W. Smith, and S. Tuecke, (Accepted to the ACM 2000 Java Grande Conference, 2000). (PS, PDF) |
| Grid-based Asynchronous Migration of Execution Context in Java Virtual Machines. G. von Laszewski, K. Shudo, and Y. Muraoka, (Submitting). (PS) |
| A Quality of Service Architecture that Combines Resource Reservation and Application Adaptation. I. Foster, A. Roy, V. Sander, (8th International Workshop on Quality of Service, 2000). (PS, PDF). |
| Software Infrastructure for the I-WAY High Performance Distributed Computing Experiment. I. Foster, J. Geisler, W. Nickless, W. Smith, S. Tuecke, Proc. 5th IEEE Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing. pg. 562-571, 1997 (PS, PDF). |
| The Globus Project: A Status Report. I. Foster, C. Kesselman, Proc. IPPS/SPDP '98 Heterogeneous Computing Workshop, pg. 4-18, 1998 (PS, PDF). |
| Remote I/O: Fast
Access to Distant Storage, I. Foster, D. Kohr, Jr., R. Krishnaiyer, and J. Mogill, Proc. Fifth Workshop on I/O in Parallel and Distributed Systems, 1997. |
| Algorithm comparison and benchmarking using a parallel spectral transform shallow water model, P. Worley, I. Foster, and B. Toonen, Coming of Age: Proc. 6th ECMWF Workshop on the Use of Parallel Processors in Meteorology, World Scientific, 277-289, 1995. |
| Load balancing in climate models, I. Foster and B. Toonen, Proc. 1994 Scalable High-Performance Computing Conf., IEEE, 1994. |
| PSTSWM: A testbed for parallel spectral transform algorithms, P. Worley and I. Foster, Proc. Scalable High-Performance Comp. Conf. '94, IEEE, 1994. |
| PCCM2: A GCM adapted for scalable parallel computers, J. Drake, I. Foster, J. Hack, J. Michalakes, D. Semeraro, B. Toonen, D. Williamson, and P. Worley, Proc. Annual Meeting of the American Meteorological Society, AMS, 1994. |
| Parallelizing the spectral transform method: A comparison of alternative parallel algorithms, I. Foster and P. Worley, Proc. 6th SIAM Conf. on Parallel Processing, SIAM, 1993. |
| Massively parallel implementation of the Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model, I. Foster and J. Michalakes, Proc. 9th Intl Conf. on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, AMS, 1993. |
| MPMM: A massively parallel mesoscale model, I. Foster and J. Michalakes, Parallel Supercomputing in the Atmospheric Sciences, 354-363, World Scientific, 1993. |
| Fortran M as a language for building earth system models, I. Foster, Parallel Supercomputing in the Atmospheric Sciences, World Scientific, 1993. |
| The message passing version of the parallel community climate model, J. Drake, R. Flanery, I. Foster, J. Hack, J. Michalakes, R. Stevens, D. Walker, D. Williamson, and P. Worley, Parallel Supercomputing in the Atmospheric Sciences, 500-513, World Scientific, 1993. |
| The scalability of numerical methods for climate modeling, I. Foster, W. Gropp, and R. Stevens, Proc. 5th SIAM Conf. on Parallel Processing, 307-312, IEEE, 1992. |
| Parallel implementation and scalability of a control volume method for solving PDEs on the sphere, I. Chern and I. Foster, Proc. 5th SIAM Conf. on Parallel Processing, 301-306, IEEE, 1992. |
| Design and parallel implementation of two numerical methods for modeling the atmospheric circulation, I. Chern and I. Foster, Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics '91, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., 83-96, 1991. |
| A Directory
Service for Configuring High-Performance Distributed Computations, S. Fitzberald, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, G. von Laszewski, W. Smith, S. Tuecke, Proc. Sixth IEEE Int'l Symp. on High Performance Distributed Computing, 1997. |
| A Secure Communications Infrastructure for High-Performance Distributed Computing, I. Foster, N. T. Karonis, C. Kesselman, G. Koenig, and S. Tuecke, Proc. Sixth IEEE Int'l Symp. on High Performance Distributed Computing, 1997. |
| Multimethod communication for high-performance metacomputing applications, I. Foster, J. Geisler, C. Kesselman, and S. Tuecke, Proc. Supercomputing '96 (to appear). |
| Double standards: Bringing task parallelism to HPF via the Message Passing Interface, I. Foster, D. Kohr, R. Krishnaiyer, and A. Choudhary, Proc. Supercomputing '96 (to appear). |
| MPI as a coordination layer for communicating HPF Tasks, I. Foster, D. Kohr, R. Krishnaiyer, and A. Choudhary, Proc. MPI Developers Conf., 1996. |
| MPI on the I-WAY: A wide-area, multimethod implementation of the Message Passing Interface, I. Foster, J. Geisler, and S. Tuecke, Proc. MPI Developers Conf., 1996. |
| Generalized communicators in MPI, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, and M.Snir, Proc. MPI Developers Conf., 1996. |
| Software infrastructure for the I-WAY high-performance distributed computing experiment, I. Foster, J. Geisler, W. Nickless, W. Smith, and S. Tuecke, 5th IEEE Symp. on High Performance Distributed Computing, 1996. |
| High-performance image analysis and visualization for three-dimensional light microscopy, J. Chen, J. Arsvold, C.-T. Chen, M. Griem, P. Davies, T. Disz, I. Foster, R. Hudson, M. Kwong, B. Lin, and P. Tang, Proc. IASTED Conf. on Signal and Image Processing, 1995. |
| Relative Debugging and its Application to the Development of Large Numerical Models (HTML), Proc. Supercomputing '95, ACM. ("Best Paper" at conference.) |
| The Nexus task-parallel runtime system, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, and S. Tuecke, Proc. 1st Intl Workshop on Parallel Processing, Tata McGraw Hill, 457-462, 1994. |
| A parallel I/O approach to the integration of task and data parallelism, B. Avalani, A. Choudhary, I. Foster, and R. Krishnaiyer, Proc. 1st Intl Workshop on Parallel Processing, Tata McGraw Hill, 347-352, 1994. |
| A compilation system that integrates High Performance Fortran and Fortran M, I. Foster, B. Avalani, A. Choudhary, and M. Xu, Proc. 1994 Scalable High-Performance Computing Conf., IEEE, 293-300, 1994. |
| Libraries for parallel paradigm integration, I. Foster and M. Xu, Toward Teraflop Computing and New Grand Challenge Applications, R. Kalia and P. Vashista (Eds), 245-256, Nova Science Publishers, 1994. |
| Paradigms and strategies for scientific computing on distributed memory concurrent computers, I. Foster and D. Walker, Proc. 1994 High Performance Computing Conf., Society for Computer Simulation, 1994. |
| Deterministic parallel Fortran, K.M. Chandy and I. Foster, Proc. 6th SIAM Conf. on Parallel Processing, SIAM, 1993. |
| A compiler approach to scalable concurrent program design, I. Foster and S. Taylor, Proc. Third Workshop on Compilers for Parallel Computers, Vienna, Austria, 1992, Austrian Center for Parallel Computation. |
| Copy avoidance through compile-time analysis and local reuse, I. Foster and W. Winsborough, Proc. Intl Symp. on Logic Programming, MIT Press, 1991. |
| Parallel programming with algorithmic motifs, I. Foster and R. Stevens, Proc. 1990 Intl Conf. on Parallel Processing, Penn State University Press, 26-34, 1990. |
| A high-performance parallel theorem prover, R. Butler, I. Foster, A. Jindal, and R. Overbeek, Proc. 10th Intl Conf. on Automated Deduction, 1990. |
| Bilingual parallel programming, I. Foster and R. Overbeek, Proc. 3rd Workshop on Parallel Languages and Compilers, MIT Press, 1990. |
| Experiences with bilingual parallel programming, I. Foster and R. Overbeek, Proc. 5th Distributed Memory Computer Conference, 1137-1146, 1990. |
| Strand: a practical parallel programming tool, I. Foster and S. Taylor, Proc. North American Symp. on Logic Programming, MIT Press, 497-512, 1989. |
| Parallel implementation of Parlog, I. Foster, Proc. 1988 Intl Conf. on Parallel Processing, Penn State University Press, 9-16, 1988. |
| Logic operating systems: design issues, I. Foster, Logic Programming: Proc. 4th Intl Conf., MIT Press, 910-926, 1987. |
| A declarative environment for concurrent logic programming, K. Clark and I. Foster, Proc. Intl Joint Conf. on Theory and Practice of Software Development, Pisa, Springer-Verlag LNCS 251, 1987. |
| A logical treatment of secondary storage, I. Foster and A.J. Kusalik, Proc. IEEE Symp. on Logic Programming, Salt Lake City, 1986. |
| A sequential implementation of Parlog, I. Foster, S. Gregory, G. Ringwood and K.
Satoh, Proc. 3rd Intl Logic Programming Conf., Springer Verlag LNCS 225, 149-156,
1986.
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| Multimethod communication for high-performance networked computing systems, I. Foster, J. Geisler, C. Kesselman, and S. Tuecke. |
| The Nimrod computational workbench: A case study in desktop metacomputing, D. Abramson, I. Foster, J. Giddy, A. Lewis, R. Sosi\v{c}, R. Sutherst, and N. White. |
| Nexus: Runtime Support for Task-Parallel Programming Languages. Technical Report: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 1994 (PS, PDF). |
| The PORTSO Interface. Technical Report: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 1994; revised periodically (PS, PDF). |